human rights watch

tisdag 12 maj 2026

Anfal was a systematic genocide consisting of eight brutal military campaigns conducted by the Iraqi Ba’ath regime against rural Kurdish communities in 1988 (February 23 – September 6). During this short period, over 182,000 innocent civilians were disappeared, murdered, or buried alive in the desert.




Audio recording of the deceased Adnan Khairallah directing the use of "chemical" weapons against the Kurds of Halabja


 

#Al-Anfal_verse _8 is a #Quranic word that makes everything the enemy has lawful for Muslims. Women and girls belong to everything.

 Anfal was a systematic genocide consisting of eight brutal military campaigns conducted by the Iraqi Ba’ath regime against rural Kurdish communities in 1988 (February 23 – September 6). During this short period, over 182,000 innocent civilians were disappeared, murdered, or buried alive in the desert.Adnan Khairullah, Saddam's cousin who was later killed by Saddam, unanimously says that the Kurds should be attacked with all kinds of weapons and that chemical weapons are the best way to destroy them.

 

One of the darkest chapters of this genocide took place at Nugra Salman, a notorious prison deep in the Iraqi desert. It was there that a brutal executioner named Ajaj oversaw the torture, starvation, and death of thousands of Kurds, including women and children.Al-Anfal is a Quranic verse 8 that makes everything the enemy has lawful for Muslims. Women and girls belong to everything.

After 37 years of waiting, Ajaj is finally standing trial.

This case is about more than just one man; it is about bringing justice to a history that must never be forgotten. We hope that the court delivers a punishment that reflects the magnitude of these crimes against humanity. Only through true justice can the souls of the martyrs finally find peace and the survivors see the truth recognized by the world.

Justice delayed must not be justice denied.Every year, we commemorate Anfal within Kurdistan. But imagine if, instead, hundreds of international conferences were organized. Imagine hundreds of books and research papers published in global languages and placed in the world’s most famous libraries. Imagine cinematic films documenting our tragedy for the global stage.
Unfortunately, none of this has been done. We must stop telling the story of Anfal only to ourselves. We need the world to know that the Kurds were victims of genocide—to recognize it, to speak out, and to help us ensure it never happens again. We must realize that tears alone will not make the world hear our story."
 Lieutenant General Adnan Khairallah Talfah, former Iraqi Minister of Defense, was the cousin of President Saddam Hussein and the brother of his wife, Sajida Talfah.

Adnan Khairallah was born in 1942 in Iraq into the Khairallah family, a politically and militarily influential family close to Saddam Hussein. He joined the Iraqi army at a young age, demonstrating exceptional leadership and organizational skills.

He quickly rose through the ranks due to his abilities in troop management and military planning, as well as his strong ties to Saddam Hussein and his family.

In the 1980s, Adnan Khairallah became the Iraqi Minister of Defense, a position that made him responsible for all aspects of the Iraqi army, including organization, training, and military strategy. During this period, he played a prominent role in strengthening discipline within the army, developing military capabilities, and raising the strategic performance of Iraqi forces, particularly in the context of the Iran-Iraq War, which had a profound impact on the country and society. He was known for his decisive military style and strong presence at leadership meetings, which made him an influential figure in military and political decision-making.

Adnan Khairallah died on April 8, 1989, in a plane crash near Baghdad. His death sparked widespread controversy due to the ambiguity surrounding the circumstances of the crash.

Some believe it was a deliberate act, while others believe it was an accident caused by bad weather.

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